Conjunctival Melanoma Targeted Therapy: MAPK and PI3K/mTOR Pathways Inhibition

Acquired Resistance to Targeted MAPK Inhibition in Melanoma

Targeting of the MAPK and AKT pathways in conjunctival melanoma shows potential synergy

PURPOSE Conjunctival melanoma (CM) is a rare but lethal form of cancer. Similar to cutaneous melanoma, CM frequently carries activating mutations in BRAF and NRAS. We studied whether CM as well as conjunctival benign and premalignant melanocytic lesions express targets in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and AKT pathways, and whether specific inhibitors can suppress CM growth in vitr...

Targeted therapy in melanoma

Malignant melanoma is a highly lethal disease unless detected early. Single-agent chemotherapy is well tolerated but is associated with very low response rates. Combination chemotherapy and biochemotherapy may improve objective response rates but do not prolong survival and are associated with greater toxicity. Immunotherapeutic approaches such as highdose interleukin-2 are associated with dura...

Maximizing the Efficacy of MAPK-Targeted Treatment in PTENLOF/BRAFMUT Melanoma through PI3K and IGF1R Inhibition.

The introduction of MAPK pathway inhibitors paved the road for significant advancements in the treatment of BRAF-mutant (BRAF(MUT)) melanoma. However, even BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy has failed to offer a curative treatment option, most likely because these pathways constitute a codependent signaling network. Concomitant PTEN loss of function (PTEN(LOF)) occurs in approximately 40% ...

Conjunctival melanoma.

and similar software but a long sequence of consecutive tests is required.12 It might therefore be more effective if a less sensitive test was used in the first place. With the appearance of FASTPAC and other simple test programs it seems that computerised field analysis is approaching the performance of machines such as the venerable Friedmann visual field analyser. Is the emperor's new suit b...